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Investigating the impact of teleWorking during the COVID-19 pandemic on Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) and psychosocial factors of employees: a review article Ghasemi N1, Fallah H2, Nabian M3, Ghasemi M4, Halvani Gh5, Najafipour A6[1] 1 Master of ergonomic, Department of occupational health, School of health, Yazd university of medical sciences, Yazd, Iran 2 Assistant professor, Department of occupational health, School of health, Yazd university of medical sciences, Yazd, Iran 3 Orthopedics assistant professor, Trans-disciplinary research Institute of COTAR, Tehran, Iran 4 Associate Professor, School of nursery, Islamic Azad University, Arak Science and Research Unit, Arak, Iran 5 Associate Professor, Department of occupational health, School of health, Yazd university of medical sciences, Yazd, Iran 6 Medical student, Medical school, Tehran university of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran Abstract Introduction: Advances in technology have increased job flexibility for employees and employers alike. On the other hand, effective teleWorking requires planning, the COVID-19 pandemic has forced many employees to quickly change their Workplace from outside to home, without ensuring that the conditions are ready. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of teleWorking on musculoskeletal disorders and psychosocial factors in the days of Corona. Materials and Methods: This research was done by a review method. Articles were searched from 2020 to 2023 on PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar sites with the key words Ergonomics, TeleWorking, MSDs, and COVID19. Results: A total of 93 articles were reviewed. By evaluating the titles, 45 related articles and 30 articles were selected by reviewing the abstracts, and finally 13 articles which full text was available were selected. These articles refer to the study of the effects of teleWorking on musculoskeletal disorders and psychosocial factors in the era of Corona. Conclusion: Most of the studies point to the increase of musculoskeletal disorders. TeleWorkers have experienced more musculoskeletal pain and discomfort in different areas of the body. Longer Working hours with shorter breaks to meet increased Work demands, social isolation, lack of support from colleagues, blurred boundaries between Work and home, and omnipresence of Work are some of the psychosocial and organizational factors associated with musculoskeletal disorders. For some employees, teleWorking will remain a common way of Working in the post-pandemic era. Therefore, it is necessary to identify teleWork-related risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders and address them with timely teleWork preventive measures and the individual needs of employees.

musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) include a wide range of inflammatory and degenerative conditions affecting the muscles, tendons, . . .

Background: Upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders (UEMSDs) may occur as a result of Work with video display terminals (VDT). In this study we have investigated the prevalence of Work-related UEMSDs among a group of Iranian bank clerks using VDT.Methods and Materials: In a cross-sectional study we evaluated 264 randomly selected bank clerks using VDT; 94 females and 170 males (mean age:29.8 years);, both by subjective measures of musculoskeletal symptoms and also by physical examinations in four areas of UE (neck, shoulders, elbows, wrist/hands) using a researcl er designed standard criteria. We also assessed association between some personal and occupational factors with UEMSDs.Results: The prevalence of Work-related UEMSDs in our sample was 35.9% and women were more likely than men to have UEMSDs;43.6% versus 31.8% respectively (p=0.055). The most affected areas of UE were neck and shoulders. Duration of Work with VDT and continuous, prolonged sitting at Work-station showed positive significant associations with UEMSDs.Conclusion: This study indicates that Work-related UEMSDs are common among bank clerks who use VDT, and that occupational factors are related to occurrence of these disorders. Obviously, physical/ergonomic design improvements are effective approach to reducing the occurrence of Work-related UEMSDs.